He was born in Fano, in the Province of Pesaro (Italy), on 29/9/1984. Studied piano and composition at the Conservatory of San Pietro a Majella in Naples and completed his musical education in Rome. His debut as a conductor came in 1915. In 1917 he was hired at the Teatro di San Carlo as a deputy conductor (1917-30) and then as a permanent conductor (1930-37) under Pietro Mascagni’s artistic direction. At the same time (1929-30) he worked at the Teatro Regio di Torino, conducting operas of Italian contemporary composers such as Pizzetti, Wolf-Ferrari, Giordano e.t.c. He subsequently worked as a permanent conductor at La Scala, Milan (1937-40), also collaborating with various Italian opera houses: Teatro Lirico Giuseppe Verdi di Trieste, Teatro dell'Opera di Roma, Teatro Comunale di Firenze, Teatro Massimo (Palermo), Teatro Carlo Felice (Genoa), Teatro Grande (Brescia), Arena di Verona. He conducted many premieres of new symphonic and vocal works by Italian composers. During 1946-1949 he returned to La Scala as music director. His extensive repertoire included contemporary Italian operas (mostly belonging to verismo style), Wagner, Debussy, Charpentier, Richard Strauss, Borodin, Honegger, Janacek e.t.c. In 1955 he won the Grand prix du disque Charles Cros and in 1963 he was elected a member of the Music Academy of Santa Cecilia, Rome. He died on 10/12/1969 while conducting Rossini’s Moisè in Egitto at the Teatro San Carlo, Naples. In 1955 he conducted the GNO orchestra in Ernst Krenek’s Medea and Stravinsky’s Oedipus Rex at the inaugural Athens Festival. // Last update of the biography: November 2018 - The list of the productions below is continually updated.